Billy Graham’s Angola key opened sacred floodgates

In 1995, as inmates at the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola lowered the makeshift, cardboard casket containing the body of fellow inmate Joseph Siegel into freshly dug ground at the prison’s Point Lookout cemetery, Siegel’s body fell through the bottom of the coffin.

Then, as the pallbearers positioned the casket with care over his body and began shoveling dirt, the top collapsed.

Burl Cain, in his first year as warden at the nation’s largest maximum-security prison, where all but a fraction of the 5,000 men will die without ever walking back through the gates, had seen enough.

Cain gathered inmates for what, by Angola standards, would be an unusual warden-prisoner talk. Many of the prisoners were skilled craftsmen, who had worked for years to set up the popular Angola Prison Rodeo.

“I told them, ‘Men, you’re going to die here, and we’ve got to do this with dignity,’” Cain recalled. “‘Y’all are going to build a coffin, and it’s going to be a nice coffin. When you die, you’ve served your sentence, and there’s no reason for anybody to kick your body.’”

Cain served as warden at Angola for 21 years and is credited with changing the violent and deadly prison culture through an emphasis on what he calls “moral rehabilitation.”

“I coined that term because everybody liked ‘morality’ and everybody liked ‘rehabilitation,’ and the ACLU would leave me alone,” Cain said. “I couldn’t say ‘faith-based’ and I couldn’t say ‘Christian.’ That would get me sued.”

Cain established seminary education, sponsored by the New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, and built several interdenominational chapels, including a hospice chapel funded by Catholic entities and an Alamo chapel, a replica of the original Alamo in San Antonio, Texas, used often by Catholic inmates.

Cain said he was being “selfish” when he decided to open Angola to the outside world, with an emphasis on theological training.

“I realized this: Moral people don’t rape, pilfer and steal,” Cain said. “So, if I could get these guys to become moral, I’d have a safer prison, I could survive.”

On Easter Sunday in 1997, Chuck Colson, an Evangelical Christian who had served prison time for obstruction of justice in the Watergate scandal and who had begun a national prison ministry, came to Angola with Tex Reardon, who was associated with Rev. Billy Graham and his worldwide Evangelical crusades.

“In the 1950s, my mother would send a check for $5 every month to Billy Graham even though she was a school teacher and my parents were poor,” Cain said. “So, I asked Tex Reardon if there was any way he could get Billy Graham to come here – because this prison needed him.”

Not long after that, Graham’s son Franklin visited Angola and was so impressed he set the wheels in motion for the construction of two more chapels – one for the inmates and another, Cain said, for “the employees of our little city.”

“They wanted their own people to come build it, because it was a ministry for them, and we were wide open,” Cain said. “If our security is too weak that Christian people can wreck us, then we need wrecking. Franklin told us, ‘I don’t want any cushions on the pews.’ They wanted the pews to be just old-timey so that it would look like an old-timey church.”

They put an old bell in the top of an imposing steeple. The bell came from a locomotive that hauled sugar cane around the 18,000-acre Angola plantation in the late 1800s, before it became a prison that was larger than the island of Manhattan.

“The Grahams wanted that steeple to be tall enough so that you could see the church from death row,” Cain said.

During one of Franklin Graham’s visits to Angola, he walked into the prison museum and saw an inmate-made casket. He was overwhelmed by the beauty and simplicity of the treated plywood. The white bedding for the inside of the coffin comes from Wal-Mart.

“He told me, ‘This is one my Dad would want to be buried in. It’s so plain, but it’s built by prisoners. We’ve got to have these,’” Cain said.

Graham ordered six coffins – for Billy Graham and his wife Ruth, for Crusades singer George Beverly Shea and his wife, and for close friend Cliff Barrows and his wife. Three inmates – Richard “Grasshopper” Leggett, Clarence “Mr. Bud” Wilkerson and David Bacon – had the special assignment. Of the three, only Bacon is still alive. He was paroled in December 2012.

“They would pray before they started every day and ask that God would anoint their work, because this was a very serious thing,” Cain said. “Billy Graham was a human – he wasn’t God – but he was one of the godliest humans on the earth. They took it very seriously. And, it was a reverent operation.”

At Franklin Graham’s request, the three inmates wood-burned their names into the outside of each casket.

Billy Graham, 99, who died Feb. 21, was laid to rest on Friday, March 2, in that Angola coffin after lying for two days in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda.

Cain said the convergence of sacred circumstances – how Graham and faith brought peace to Angola and how Angola brought peace to the Graham family – leaves him almost speechless.

“If my mother in heaven knows what’s going on down here, she would be so proud, because when she wrote those little $5 checks, it influenced her son to like Billy Graham,” Cain said. “She led me in that direction.”

Since leaving Angola, Cain has taken his “moral rehabilitation” message to prisons in Illinois, Michigan, North Carolina, Texas, New Mexico, West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Cain said a respected Baylor University criminal justice study agreed the emphasis on inmate learning and spirituality had transformed Angola.

“You find morality, best of all, in religion, and I’m looking for morality to change the prisoners so they don’t hurt you again and there are fewer victims of violent crimes,” Cain said. “Morality changed the prison. It makes sense. It’s so simple, people miss it.”

While because of ill health Billy Graham never was able to visit Angola, Cain sent him a key to one of Angola’s old cells. A few years ago, Cain traveled to the mountains of Montreat, North Carolina, to offer his thanks for all that Graham and his son had made possible at Angola.

“I got to spend the afternoon with him, and he said, ‘I pray for you every day, and my nurse can verify it,’” Cain said. “And then he took out that key and he said, ‘Every day, I have a devotional, and I hold that key in my hand, and I pray for you and I pray for your prison.’ No wonder we were successful.”

Peter Finney Jr. can be reached at [email protected].